Top 20 words

On this post GiangBLOG will introduce with you 20 useful English words for each subject area.

(Trong bài viết này, GiangBLOG sẽ giới thiệu với các bạn 20 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất trong từng lĩnh vực)

Abbreviations used:
adv.	adverb
adj.	adjective
v.	verb
n.	noun
UK	British English
US	American English
abbr.	abbreviation

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Abbreviations - Các từ viết tắt

The rule for punctuation of abbreviations is:

• if last letter of word and abbreviation are the same: no full stop (for example Ltd)
• if last letter of word and abbreviation are NOT the same: full stop (for example Co.)

1		A.G.M.		Annual General Meeting (of company shareholders)
2		A.O.B.		any other business (at the end of a meeting agenda)
3		a/c		account, as for bank account [eg: a/c no. 123456789]
4		c.i.f.		cost, insurance, freight
5		c/o		care of [on an envelope eg: Mrs G Smith, c/o Mrs B Brown]
6		cc:		copies to [at the end of a letter eg: cc: TE, JMR, JSA]
7		Co.		Company
8		e.g.		for example [from the Latin exempli gratia]
9		E.G.M.		Extraordinary General Meeting (of company shareholders)
10		f.o.b.		free on board
11		f.o.c.		free of charge
12		HQ		headquarters (of a company or other organisation)
13		Inc.US		Incorporated [after the name of a firm organised as a legal corporation]
14		LtdUK		Limited [after the name of a firm organised as a legal company]
15		O.H.P.		overhead projector
16		P.A.		personal assistant
17		PLCUK		Public Limited Company [for a firm whose shares are sold on the open market]
18		p.t.o.		please turn over [at the end of a page]
19		v.a.t.		value added tax
20		WP		word processing (or creation of text by computer)

Advertising - Quảng cáo

1	ad	abbr. advertisement - advert abbr.
2	advertisement	n. item of publicity for a product or service, in magazine, on TV etc
3	advertising agency	n. company specialising in producing and placing advertisements for clients
4	AIDA	abbr. Attention, Interest, Desire, Action - the objective of all advertisements
5	benefit	n. advantage of a product or service, usually derived from its features
6	billboardUS	n. signboard, usually outdoors, for advertising posters; hoardingUK
7	circulation	n. average number of copies of a magazine sold in a particular period
8	classified ads	n. small advertisements in magazine or newspaper categorised by subject
9	commercial	n. paid advertisement on radio or TV
10	coupon	n. part of a printed advertisement used for ordering goods, samples etc
11	double-page spread	n. advertisement printed across 2 pages in a magazine or newspaper
12	eye-catcherUS	n. something that especially attracts one's attention - eye-catching adj.
13	features	n. special characteristics of a product, usually leading to certain benefits
14	hoardingUK	n. signboard, usually outdoors, for advertising posters; billboardUS
15	poster	n. large sheet of paper, usually illustrated, used as advertisement
16	prime time	n. hours on radio & TV with largest audience, esp. the evening hours
17	promote	v. to (try to) increase sales of a product by publicising and advertising it
18	slot	n. specific time in a broadcasting schedule, when a commercial may be shown
19	target	n. objective; what one is aiming at - target audience n.
20	U.S.P.	abbr. Unique Selling Proposition; what makes a product different from others

Air Travel - Du lịch hàng không

1	aisle	n. corridor in aeroplane between the seats [there are usually one or two]
2	baggage claim	n. place where passengers go to find their luggage (cases etc) at the end of a flight
3	board	v. to get on or enter an aeroplane - on board adv.
4	boarding pass	n. special ticket showing that passenger has checked in and may board plane
5	check in	v. to register for a flight, inc. checking of tickets, passports, luggage etc - also n.
6	confirmation	n. passenger's telephone validation of return reservation; reconfirmation
7	departures board	n. large display in airport showing times, destinations etc of departing flights
8	domestic	adj. national, not international [a domestic flight is entirely within one country]
9	duty free	adj. [of products: cigarettes, perfume etc] not taxable; exempt from customs taxes
10	excess baggage	n. luggage that is more than the permitted or allowed weight
11	flight	n. an aeroplane scheduled to fly a certain route at a certain time
12	gate	n. the point in an airport at which a particular flight arrives and departs
13	hand luggage	n. light bags, briefcases etc that may be carried on board by passengers
14	IATA	abbr. International Air Transport Association
15	immigration officer	n. government official responsible for checking passengers' passports
16	jet lag	n. extreme tiredness etc after a long flight between extreme time zones
17	runway	n. the strip on which planes land and take off
18	stopover	n. a break for a day or two on an international flight
19	ticket	n. receipt for transportation etc. An air ticket has one coupon for each journey
20	transit	n. A transit passenger is one stopping at an airport that is not his destination

Banking - Ngân hàng

1	balance	n. the difference between credits and debits in an account
2	bank charges	n. money paid to a bank for the bank's services etc
3	branch	n. local office or bureau of a bank
4	checkbookUS	n. book containing detachable checks; chequebookUK
5	checkUS	n. written order to a bank to pay the stated sum from one's account; chequeUK
6	credit	n. money in a bank a/c; sum added to a bank a/c; money lent by a bank - also v.
7	credit card	n. (plastic) card from a bank authorising the purchasing of goods on credit
8	current account	n. bank a/c from which money may be drawn at any time; checking accountUS
9	debit	n. a sum deducted from a bank account, as for a cheque - also v.
10	deposit account	n. bank a/c on which interest is paid; savings accountUS
11	fill inUK	v. to add written information to a document to make it complete; to fill outUS
12	interest	n. money paid for the use of money lent - interest rate n.
13	loan	n. money lent by a bank etc and that must be repaid with interest - also v.
14	overdraft	n. deficit in a bank account caused by withdrawing more money than is paid in
15	pay in	v. [paid, paid] to deposit or put money in to a bank account
16	payee	n. person to whom money is paid
17	paying-in slip	n. small document recording money that you pay in to a bank account
18	standing order	n. an instruction to a bank to make regular payments
19	statement	n. a record of transactions in a bank account
20	withdraw	v. [-drew, -drawn] to take money out of a bank account - withdrawal n.

Company Structure - Cơ cấu công ty

1	Accounts Dept.	n. department responsible for administering a company's financial affairs
2	A.G.M.UK	abbr. Annual General Meeting of a company's shareholders
3	board of directors	n. a group of people chosen to establish policy for and direct or control a company
4	chairmanUK	n. person who heads a Board of Directors; head of a company; chairperson
5	director	n. a member of the board of directors
6	executive officerUS	n. person who manages the affairs of a corporation - chief executive officer n.
7	headquarters	n. a company's principal or main office or centre of control
8	manager	n. person responsible for day-to-day running of a dept.; executive officerUS
9	managing directorUK	n. senior director after the chairman responsible for day-to-day direction
10	Marketing Dept.	n. dept. responsible for putting goods on market, inc. packaging, advertising etc
11	organisation chart	n. a table or plan showing a company's structure graphically
12	Personnel Dept.	n. department responsible for recruitment and welfare of staff or employees
13	presidentUS	n. the highest executive officer of a company; head of a company
14	Production Dept.	n. department responsible for physical creation of product
15	Purchasing Dept.	n. department responsible for finding and buying everything needed by a company
16	R & D Department	n. department responsible for Research and Development of (new) products
17	reception	n. the place where visitors and clients report on arrival at a company
18	Sales Department	n. department responsible for finding customers and making sales
19	shareholder	n. person who holds or owns shares in or a part of a company or corporation
20	vice presidentUS	n. any of several executive officers, each responsible for a separate division

Computers - Máy vi tính

1	application	n. a program dedicated to a specific task [eg: word processing, graphics etc]
2	bit	n. binary digit, the basic binary unit for storing data, either 0 or 1 - see byte
3	buffer	n. an area in memory used for temporary storage [eg: rapid input from keyboard]
4	byte	n. 8 bits - kilobyte (approx. 1,000 bytes), megabyte (1 million), gigabyte (1 billion)
5	Email	n. electronic mail; system of sending messages through the internet; e-mail
6	floppy disk	n. small, removable magnetic disc for (permanent) storing of data; diskette
7	hard disk	n. fixed, magnetic disc inside a PC for (permanent) storing of data
8	hardware	n. the mechanical and electronic parts of a computer, not the software
9	input	n. data entered into a computer (by keyboard, floppy disk etc) - also v.
10	keyboard	n. the alphanumeric keys or buttons used to input data [QWERTY = 1st 6 keys]
11	memory	n. part of a computer for (temporary) storing of data - see ram
12	modem	n. device that converts data to a form that can be transmitted by telephone etc
13	operating system	n. software that communicates with hardware, enabling applications to run
14	output	n. data delivered by a computer (by printer, screen etc) - also v.
15	peripheral	n. equipment linked to a computer [eg: printer, scanner, modem, mouse etc]
16	program	n. software that contains coded instructions to control a computer - also v.
17	RAM	abbr. random access memory [it goes away when one switches off]
18	screen	n. the surface area of the visual display unit on which the image is formed
19	software	n. the programs, routines etc for a computer, not the hardware
20	WYSIWYG	abbr. What You See Is What You Get [data prints out exactly as on the screen]

Contracts - Hợp đồng

1	agreement	n. an arrangement between two or more people, countries etc; contract
2	appendix	n. additional or supplementary material at end of contract, book etc
3	arbitration	n. settlement of a dispute by a person chosen by both parties - to arbitrate v.
4	article	n. a particular statement or stipulation in a contract etc; clause
5	clause	n. a particular statement or stipulation in a contract etc; article
6	condition	n. anything necessary before the performance of something else
7	force majeure	n. superior, power; unforeseeable event excusing one party from fulfilling contract
8	fulfil	v: to satisfy a condition; to complete the required task; to fulfillUS
9	herein	adv: in here; in this (document etc)
10	hereinafter	adv: in the following part (of this document etc)
11	hereto	adv: to this (document etc) [eg: attached hereto]
12	heretofore	adv: up until now; until the present; before this
13	in behalf of	in the interests of (person etc); for (person etc); on behalf ofUK
14	null and void	invalid; without legal force; not binding
15	on the one hand	on one side - on the other hand on the other side
16	party	n. the person or persons forming one side of an agreement
17	stipulate	v. to specify as an essential condition - stipulation n.
18	terms	n. conditions or stipulations
19	warrant	v. to give formal assurance; to guarantee
20	whereas	conj: it being the case that; in view of the fact that [in introduction to contracts]

Correspondence - Thư từ

1	address	n. the place to which a letter is to be sent
2	Best regards	friendly close to a letter - Kind regards, Best wishes
3	Dear	first word of most SALUTATIONS, formal or not [eg: Dear Sir, Dear Mr Won, Dear Jo]
4	Dear Madam	formal SALUTATION to an unnamed woman
5	Dear Sir	formal SALUTATION to an unnamed man
6	Dear SirsUK	SALUTATION when writing to a firm and not to any particular individual in the firm
7	dictate	v. to say or read aloud words to be written down - dictation n.
8	enc.	abbr. enclosure; enclosed [indicating something that is included with a letter]
9	GentlemenUS	SALUTATION when writing to a firm and not to any particular individual in the firm
10	letterhead	n. a sheet of letter paper printed with a person or firm's (name and) address
11	Mr Ms Mrs Miss	abbr. of title for man, woman (married or not), married woman, unmarried woman
12	p.s.	abbr. postscript [used to indicate a note added at the very end of a letter]
13	per pro	abbr. through the agency of; p.p. [eg: A per pro B (where B is signing for A)]
14	registered mail	n. a secure postal service for important or valuable letters or packages
15	salutation	n. opening or first line of a letter, usually commencing with 'Dear...'
16	shorthand	n. a system of speed writing, esp. when taking dictation
17	sign	v. to write one's name at the end of a document - signature n.
18	Yours faithfullyUK	polite close to a letter not naming the recipient as in Dear Sir; Yours trulyUS
19	Yours sincerelyUK	polite close to a letter naming the recipient as in Dear Mr Smith; Yours trulyUS
20	Yours trulyUS	polite close to a letter; Sincerely yoursUS

CV/Resume - Sơ yếu lý lịch/ Hồ sơ cá nhân

1	background	n. the whole of one's education, training and experience
2	bi-lingual	adj. able to use two languages with equal ease - see FLUENT
3	career	n. the course of one's (professional) life
4	challenge	n. a difficult or demanding task that needs special effort - challenging adj.
5	cover letter	n. a letter that is sent with one's CV; letter of application
6	date of birth	n. the day on which one was born, usually as day/month/year [eg: 05/11/76]
7	education	n. training and instruction at school, university etc - to educate v.
8	experience	n. jobs held, including dates, posts etc; work history - professional experience n.
9	fluent	adj. able to speak and write a foreign language easily - see BI-LINGUAL
10	graphology	n. study of handwriting as a guide to the character of the writer - graphologist n.
11	interest	n. an activity outside work in which one is interested or concerned; hobby
12	job objective	n. the kind of work or challenge that one is looking for
13	miscellaneous	adj. various; mixed [eg: nationality, languages spoken, marital status]
14	nationality	n. the status of belonging to a particular country [eg: Japanese nationality]
15	native language	n. the language one first learned to speak; mother tongue
16	qualifications	n. the education and experience that make one suitable for a particular job
17	reference	n. a written statement by another person about one's character and ability
18	skill	n. an ability, expertness or aptitude in a particular activity [eg: language skill]
19	training	n. the process of learning a particular SKILL [eg: sales training]
20	work history	n. jobs held, inc. dates, posts etc; EXPERIENCE

Employment - Việc làm

1	bonus	n. additional pay given to employee as incentive or reward
2	curriculum vitaeUK	n. short account of one's education, career etc; CVUK; resumeUS; resumeUS
3	dismiss	v. to remove or discharge from employment; to sack [colloq.]; to fireUS
4	employer	n. person or firm who employs people - employee n. person employed
5	fireUS	v. [colloq.] to dismiss
6	interview	v. an oral examination of an applicant for a job - also v.
7	make redundantUK	v. [made, made] to dismiss because of not being needed - redundancyUK n.
8	maternity leave	n. period of absence from work (for a woman) when having a baby
9	notice	n. advance warning of intention to resign - to give or tender one's notice v.
10	perk	abbr. perquisite; something additional to regular salary [eg: free meals; a car]
11	personnel	n. the people who work for a firm
12	personnel officer	n. manager responsible for recruitment, training and welfare of personnel
13	promotion	n. advancement in rank or position - to promote v.
14	prospects	n. opportunity for success, promotion etc
15	recruit	n. to look for and employ personnel - recruitment n.
16	resign	v. to give up a job - letter of resignation n.
17	retire	v. to leave employment, esp. because of age - retirement n.
18	salary	n. a fixed, regular payment, usually monthly, made by employer to employee
19	staff	n. the people who work for a firm or a particular department; employees
20	take on	v. [took, taken] to employ; to hire

Import/Export - Xuất khẩu/ Nhập khẩu

1	bill of lading	n. list of goods and shipping instructions; waybill
2	c.&f.	abbr. cost & freight: includes shipping to named port but not insurance
3	c.i.f.	abbr. cost, insurance & freight: includes insurance and shipping to named port
4	cargo	n. goods or products that are being transported or shipped
5	certificate of origin	n. a document that shows where goods come from
6	container	n. huge box to hold goods for transport - container port n. to containerise v.
7	customs	n. 1 government tax or duty on imported goods 2 the people who collect this tax
8	declare	v. to make a statement of taxable goods - customs declaration form n.
9	f.a.s.	abbr. free alongside ship [includes delivery to quayside but not loading]
10	f.o.b.	abbr. free on board: includes loading onto ship
11	freight	n. goods being transported; cargo
12	irrevocable	adj. that cannot be undone; unalterable - irrevocable letter of credit n.
13	letter of credit	n. a letter from a bank authorising a person to draw money from another bank
14	merchandise	n. things bought and sold; commodities; wares - also v.
15	packing list	n. a document that is sent with goods to show that they have been checked
16	pro forma invoice	n. an invoice or request for payment sent in advance of goods supplied
17	quay	n. a solid, artificial landing place for (un)loading ships; wharf - quayside n.
18	ship	v. to send or transport by land, sea or air - also n. shipment n.
19	shipping agent	n. a person acting for or representing a ship or ships at a port
20	waybill	n. list of goods and shipping instructions; bill of lading - air waybill n.

Insurance - Bảo hiểm

1	actuary	n. a person who calculates risks for insurance companies
2	assessor	n. a person who calculates the value of something [eg: a building, car etc]
3	claim	n. an application for payment under an insurance policy - to make a claim v.
4	comprehensive	n. [of an insurance policy] all-inclusive; providing complete protection
5	consequential loss	n. a loss that happens as a consequence of or as a result of another
6	coverUK	n. the protection given by an insurance policy [eg: public liability cover]
7	employer's liability	n. liability or responsibility of a firm for damage caused to one of its employees
8	goods in transit	n. property, merchandise or any goods in the process of being transported
9	insurance broker	n. agent who arranges insurance; middleman between insurer & policyholder
10	liability	n. 1 the state of being liable 2 anything for which a person is liable
11	liable	adj. legally obliged to pay for damage, injury etc; responsible - liability n.
12	loss	n. death, injury, damage etc that is the basis for a claim - to lose v.
13	loss adjuster	n. a person who assesses the amount of compensation arising from a claim
14	policy	n. a contract of insurance [eg: a product liability policy]
15	policyholder	n. the person to whom an insurance policy is issued
16	premium	n. a payment, usually monthly, yearly etc, for an insurance policy
17	product liability	n. liability or responsibility of a firm for damage caused by one of its products
18	public liability	n. responsibility of a firm for damage caused to a member of the public
19	reinsurance	n. the insuring of a risk by one insurance company with another - to reinsure v.
20	risk	n. 1 chance or possibility of injury, loss etc 2 person or thing causing risk

Law - Luật

1	attorney	n. 1 a person appointed to act for or represent another 2US lawyer
2	barristerUK	n. a lawyer who pleads before a superior court
3	brief	n. 1UK instructions to a barrister - also v. 2US written statement of facts for a court
4	case	n. statement of the facts in a trial, esp. the argument of one side
5	contract	n. a formal agreement, usually in writing, between two or more parties
6	court of law	n. the place where law cases are hear and decided; court - courtroom n.
7	evidence	n. information presented to a court to prove or support a point in question
8	guilty	adj. responsible for wrong; culpable - guilt n. not guilty adj.
9	judge	n. public official with authority to hear and decide cases in a court of law - also v.
10	jury	n. a group of people chosen to hear the evidence of a case and give a decision
11	lawsuit	n. a trial at court between two private parties
12	lawyer	n. a person trained in law and who advises or represents others
13	plead	v. 1 to defend a law case 2 to declare oneself to be guilty or not guilty - plea n.
14	sentence	n. 1 decision of a court, esp. as to the punishment 2 the punishment - also v.
15	solicitor	n. 1UK lawyer advising clients & briefing barristers 2US law officer for a city etc
16	sue	v. to start legal action against someone in a court of law - lawsuit n.
17	sum up	v. to summarise & review the evidence of a case [said of a judge] - summing up n.
18	trial	n. a formal examination of a case in a court of law - to try v.
19	verdict	n. the formal decision or finding of a judge or jury
20	without prejudice	without detriment or damage to a legal right or claim

Marketing - Tiếp thị

1	brand	n. a particular make of product - to brand v. - branded adj.
2	consumer	n. the person who buys and uses a product or service - to consume v.
3	cost	v. [cost, costed, costed] to estimate the price of making a product - costing n.
4	develop	v. to create a new product or improve an existing one - product development n.
5	distribution	n. the delivering of products to end-users, inc. advertising, storing etc
6	end-user	n. the person, customer etc who is the ultimate (and so real) user of a product
7	image	n. the concept or perception of a firm or product held by the general public
8	label	n. small piece of paper, metal etc on a product giving information about it
9	launch	v. to introduce a new product, with publicity etc - product launch n.
10	mail order	n. the selling of goods by post - mail-order catalogue n.
11	market research	n. study of consumers' needs & preferences, often for a particular product
12	packagingUK	n. the wrapping or container for a product
13	point of sale	n. the place where a product is actually sold to the public - point-of-sale adj.
14	product	n. something made to be sold; merchandise [includes services] - to produce v.
15	public relations	n. creation and maintenance of a good public image - public relations officer n.
16	registered	adj. registered or officially recorded as a trademark - ® abbr. - to register v.
17	sponsor	n. firm supporting an organisation in return for advertising space - also v.
18	S.W.O.T.	abbr. Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats
19	total product	n. the whole product, inc. name, packaging, instructions, reliability, after-sales etc
20	trademark	n. special symbol, design, word etc used to represent a product or firm - " abbr.

Meetings - Hội họp

1	A.G.M.	abbr. Annual General Meeting
2	A.O.B.	abbr. Any Other Business [usually the last item on an agenda]
3	absent	adj. not here; not at the meeting; not present
4	agenda	n. a written programme or schedule for a meeting
5	apologies	n. item on agenda announcing people who are absent; apologies for absence
6	ballot	n. a type of vote, usually in writing and usually secret- secret ballot n.
7	casting vote	n. a deciding vote (usually by the chairman) when the votes are otherwise equal
8	chairman	n. the person who leads or presides at a meeting; chairperson; chair
9	conference	n. formal meeting for discussion, esp. a regular one held by an organisation
10	conference call	n. telephone call between three or more people in different locations
11	consensus	n. general agreement
12	decision	n. a conclusion or resolution to do something - to decide v.
13	item	n. a separate point for discussion [as listed on an agenda]
14	matters arising	n. item on agenda for discussion of what has happened as a result of last meeting
15	minutes	n. a written record of everything said at a meeting
16	proxy vote	n. a vote cast by one person for or in place of another
17	show of hands	n. raised hands to express an opinion in a vote
18	unanimous	adj. in complete agreement; united in opinion
19	videoconference	n. conference of people in different locations linked by satellite, TV etc
20	vote	v. to express opinion in a group by voice or hand etc - also n. - to cast a vote v.

Money - Tiền tệ

1	A.T.M.	abbr. Automated Teller Machine; cash dispenserUK
2	banknote	n: a piece of paper money; billUS
3	billUS	n. a banknote; a piece of paper money
4	black market	n. illegal traffic in officially controlled commodities such as foreign currency
5	bureau de change	n. establishment where currencies of different countries may be exchanged
6	cash	n. 1 coins or bank notes (not cheques); 2 actual money paid as opposed to credit
7	cash dispenserUK	n: automatic machine from which clients of a bank may withdraw money; ATM
8	cashier	n. person dealing with cash transactions in a bank, store etc
9	coin	n: a piece of metal money
10	currency	n. the money in general use or circulation in any country
11	debt	n. money etc owed by one person to another
12	exchange rate	n. the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another
13	foreign exchange	n: the currency of other countries
14	hard currency	n. currency that will probably not fall in value and is readily accepted
15	invest	v. to put money for profit into business, land etc - investment n.
16	legal tender	n: currency that cannot legally be refused in payment of a debt
17	petty cashUK	n. a cash fund for small, everyday expenses
18	soft currency	n. currency that will probably fall in value and is not readily accepted
19	speculate	v. (risky) buying of foreign currency, land etc for rapid gain - speculation n.
20	transaction	n. a (usually commercial) exchange; a deal - to transact v.

Newspapers & Journalism - Báo chí & Viết báo

1	article	n. a text or piece of writing on any non-fiction subject
2	broadsheetUK	n. a large-format newspaper with usually serious contents
3	censor	n. official with the power to stop publication of certain articles - censorship n.
4	chequebook journalism	n. the obtaining of exclusive rights to a story by payment of large sums of money
5	correspondent	n. 1 person who writes a letter to a paper 2 person who writes articles for a paper
6	critic	n. a person who writes articles, esp. stating opinion, about art, music etc
7	desk	n. a department of a newspaper [eg: the sports desk]
8	edit	v. to check, modify and generally prepare written material for publication
9	editor	n. 1 a person who edits 2 the head of a newspaper or newspaper department
10	editorial	n. an article written by the editor stating his opinion
11	exclusive rights	n. rights or permission for one paper to publish a story that no other paper can
12	feature	n. a special or regular article in a newspaper, usually displayed prominently
13	front page	n. the first page of a paper, usually carrying the most important story
14	headline	n. 1 the title at the top of an article 2 headlines the most important stories
15	journalist	n. a person employed to write articles for a newspaper - journalism n.
16	media	n. the media all the means of mass communication (papers, TV, radio etc)
17	opinion	n. what a person thinks about a particular subject; a subjective point of view
18	paper	n. 1 thin, flexible material for writing or printing on 2 newspaper
19	story	n. a news article or report
20	tabloid	n. a small-format paper, with short, sensational stories - see broadsheet

Numbers - Các con số

1	add	v. to put one number together with another [eg: 2 plus 2] - addition n.
2	billion	n. 1,000,000,000; one thousand million; 109
3	divide	v. 2 ÷ 2 [is expressed as] two divided by two - division n.
4	equal	v. to be the same as [eg: 2 + 2 equals 4]
5	giga	one billion
6	hundred	n. 100; 102
7	kilo	one thousand - k, K abbr.
8	mega	one million - M abbr.
9	million	n. 1,000,000; one thousand thousand; 106
10	minus	p. 2 - 2 [is expressed as] two minus two
11	multiply	v. 2 x 2 [is expressed as] two multiplied by two - multiplication n.
12	plus	p. 2 + 2 [is expressed as] two plus two
13	square	v. to multiply a number by the same number [eg: 3 squared = 9]
14	square root	n. number that multiplied by itself gives a certain number [3 is the square root of 9]
15	subtract	v. to deduct one number from another [eg: 2 minus 2] - subtraction n.
16	thousand	n. 1,000; 103
17	times	p. 2 x 2 [is expressed as] two times two - see multiply
18	to the power of	multiplication of a number by itself [eg: 2 to the power of 3 = 8]
19	trillion	n.1,000,000,000,000; a million million; 1012
20	zero	n. 0; oh; nought

Presentations - Thuyết trình

1	audience rapport	n. relationship of presenter with audience, esp. when good
2	body language	n. non-verbal communication through facial expressions, body movements etc
3	Finally . . .	Typical word used to signal the last of several points or subjects
4	flip chart	n. a pad of large paper sheets on a stand for presenting information
5	For example . . .	Typical phrase used to signal an illustration or sample of a particular point
6	handout	n. anything (report, sample etc) handed or given to people at a presentation
7	In conclusion . . .	Typical phrase used to signal the summing up or final part of a presentation
8	ladies & gentlemen	Polite phrase often used to address an audience of men and women
9	marker	n. whiteboard marker a pen with a broad, felt tip for writing on whiteboards
10	microphone	n. electrical instrument that one speaks into for amplification of the voice etc
11	O.H.T.	abbr. overhead transparency; sheet of film with image for overhead projector
12	overhead projector	n. device that projects an o.h.t. onto a screen - O.H.P. abbr.
13	pointer	n. device (rod or electric torch etc) for indicating things on a map, screen etc
14	screen	n. large, flat, reflective white surface on which films, slides etc are projected
15	signal	v. to help the audience understand where one is in a presentation - signalling n.
16	slide	n. small (usually 35mm) photographic transparency - slide projector n.
17	To start with . . .	Typical phrase used to signal the beginning of a particular subject or topic
18	Turning now to . . .	Typical phrase used to signal a change from one subject or topic to another
19	visual aids	n. things that one can look at in a presentation [eg: films, maps, charts etc]
20	whiteboard	n. large, flat, white surface or board on which to write or draw with markers

Property & Real-Estate - Động sản & Bất động sản

1	apartmentUS	n. a room or group of rooms to live in, usually on one floor; flatUK
2	development	n. a number of buildings on a large piece of land - real-estate developer n.
3	elevatorUS	n. a compartment for moving people from floor to floor in a building; liftUK
4	en suite	adv. forming one unit [eg: bedroom with bathroom en suite] - also adj.
5	estate agentUS	n. a person whose business is to sell or let land or property on behalf of others
6	first floorUS	n. storey of a building at the same level as the street or ground; gound floorUK
7	flatUK	n. a room or group of rooms to live in, usually on one floor; apartmentUS
8	for sale	offered for purchase; to be sold; available to be bought
9	freehold	n. the holding of land or property for an unlimited period of time - also adj.
10	furnished	adj. [of a house, apartment etc] let with furniture - to furnish v.
11	garden	n. space or ground surrounding a building, often with flowers, trees etc; yardUS
12	ground floorUK	n. storey of a building at the same level as the street or ground; first floorUS
13	landlord	n. a person who owns an apartment, house, office etc and lets it to a tenant
14	leasehold	n. the holding of land or property for a predetermined period of time - also adj.
15	let	v. [let, let] to give the use of a building etc in return for periodic payments or rent
16	liftUK	n. a compartment for moving people from floor to floor in a building; elevatorUS
17	rent	v. to make periodic payments (monthly etc) for the use of a building etc - also n.
18	storeyUK	n. one of the levels of a building; floor; storyUS
19	tenant	n. a person who rents an apartment, house, office etc from a landlord
20	yardUS	n. space or ground surrounding a building; garden

Publishing - Xuất bản

1	© copyright	n. exclusive, legal right of an author to the publication of his work - also v.
2	author	n. the person who writes or originates something (book, article, poem etc)
3	bind	v. [bound, bound] to put pages of a book together after printing - binding n.
4	blurb	n. short, promotional description of a book usually printed on its jacket
5	chapter	n. one of the main divisions or sections of a book
6	contents	n. table of contents list of chapters etc at front of book
7	edit	v. to check, modify and generally prepare written material for publication - editor n.
8	fiction	n. writing that describes imaginary events & people - fictional adj. see non-fiction
9	front cover	n. first, outside part of a book's jacket carrying the title, author's name etc
10	hardback	n. a book with hard, stiff covers made of board - also adj.
11	index	n. alphabetical list of words, names etc at end of book with page numbers - also v.
12	inside front cover	n. front flap of the book's jacket, sometimes carrying the blurb - IFC abbr.
13	jacket	n. the protective paper cover supplied with most hardbacks - dust jacket n.
14	non-fiction	n. writing about real, unimagined events [eg: history, biography etc] - see fiction
15	paperback	n. a book with soft, flexible covers made of paper or card - also adj.
16	spine	n. the part of a book's jacket that usually faces outwards on a shelf
17	title	n. the name of a book, chapter, poem etc
18	title page	n. the page of a book (usually the 3rd) that carries the title in large type
19	type	n. printing type system of letters (a, b, c etc) for printing text - typeface n.
20	typeset	v. [-set, -set] to set in type [eg: to change handwriting to type] - also adj.

Punctuation - Dấu chấm câu

1	-	hyphen
2	—	dash
3	!	exclamation mark
4	#	sharp
5	&	ampersand
6	•	bullet
7	( )	(round) brackets; (round) parenthesis
8	*	asterisk
9	,	comma
10	.	1 full stop 2 point
11	...	ellipsis points; ellipsis dots
12	/	oblique; slash;
13	:	colon
14	;	semi-colon
15	?	question mark
16	[ ]	(square) brackets; (square) parenthesis
17	\	backslash
18	__	underline
19	“ ”	quotation marks; inverted commas
20	†	dagger

Selling - Bán hàng

1	after-sales service	n. service that continues after a product has been sold [eg: repairs etc]
2	buyer	n. 1 any person who buys anything 2 a person employed by a firm to buy
3	client	n. a person who buys services from a lawyer, architect or other professionals
4	close	v. to finalise a deal or sale; to make a sale
5	cold call	v. to telephone a prospect without previous contact - also n.
6	customer	n. a person who buys goods or services from a shop or business
7	deal	n. a business transaction - also v. dealer n.
8	discount	n. a reduction in the price; a deduction [usually expressed as a percentage (%)]
9	follow up	v. to continue to follow persistently; to maintain contact [eg: after a lead]
10	guarantee	n. a promise that a product will be repaired or replaced etc if faulty - also v.
11	in bulk	in large quantity, usually at a lower price
12	lead	n. useful indication of a possible customer to be followed up
13	objection	n. a reason given by a prospect for not buying - to object v. seeovercome
14	overcome	v. [-came, -come] to overcome an obj-ection to show an objection is invalid
15	product	n. something made and usually for sale - to produce v. seeservice
16	prospect	n. a possible or probable customer; prospective customer
17	representative	n. sales representative person who represents & sells for a firm; salesperson
18	retail	v. to sell in small quantities (as in a shop to the public) - also n. see wholesale
19	service	n. work done usually in return for payment - to serve v. see product
20	wholesale	v. to sell in bulk (as to a shop for resale to the public) - also n. see retail

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